Building safe and inclusive DPI for societies

DPISafeguards Initiative:Progress, learningsandfuturedirection

Overview

Digital public infrastructure (DPI) is transforming societies, powering innovation and momentum for rapid digital transformation. Today, DPI is a global priority. In 2023, DPI was selected by the United Nations Secretary General as one of 12 High Impact Initiatives with the ability to accelerate the Sustainable Development Goals.

In 2024, 193 UN Member States agreed on the need for safeguards to ensure that DPI approaches are inclusive, responsible, safe, secure and user-centred, with the adoption of the Global Digital Compact (GDC). The launch of the Universal DPI Safeguards Framework in 2024 was the direct response to that call. The Framework, designed through a multistakeholder process led by the DPI Safeguards Initiative, comprises a set of 350+ good practices that provide governments and institutions a foundation for building and operating responsible DPI.

Digital public infrastructure holds immense promise to accelerate the Sustainable Development Goals, but only if it is designed to protect the people it is meant to serve. As we approach the High-Level Review of the Global Digital Compact in 2027, I call on all Member States to act on their commitment to safe and inclusive DPI, and to make safeguards a standard part of how we build the digital foundations of our societies.

António Guterres
Secretary-General of the United Nations

As UN Member States deploy DPI to improve public service delivery, reach underserved populations and create new markets, proactive inclusion and risk mitigation measures are a necessary condition for success. The DPI Safeguards Initiative is the key digital cooperation mechanism to ensure this opportunity is realized responsibly and equitably for all.

Amandeep Singh-Gill
United Nations Under-Secretary-General, Special Envoy for Digital and Emerging Technologies

As UN Member States deploy DPI to improve public service delivery, reach underserved populations and create new markets, proactive inclusion and risk mitigation measures are a necessary condition for success. The DPI Safeguards Initiative is the key digital cooperation mechanism to ensure this opportunity is realized responsibly and equitably for all.

Amandeep Singh-Gill
United Nations Under-Secretary-General, Special Envoy for Digital and Emerging Technologies

Digital public infrastructure is reshaping how governments serve their people, and how people access their rights. But transformation at this scale demands responsibility. The Universal DPI Safeguards Framework is how we ensure that as these systems expand, they work for everyone, they are safe and worthy of the trust placed in them.

Alexander de Croo
Administrator, UNDP

Progress in numbers

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Countries across 5 regions

pioneered the adoption of the Universal DPI Safeguards Framework and its Principles.

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Additional countries

have requested support with safeguards implementation, signalling growing demand.

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International organizations

expanded the DPI Safeguards ecosystem and generated a common language around safeguards implementation.

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working group members

selected across two cohorts co-created a set of public knowledge assets for the safeguards community.

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Stakeholders

actively engaged in shaping what responsible DPI looks like in practice through convenings.

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Organizations

represented a plurality of voices and perspectives, shaping the Initiative from the ground up.

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Users

across several countries have downloaded the Universal DPI Safeguards Framework as a foundational guidance resource for building safe and inclusive DPI.

Universal Safeguards Champions

It is not DPI if it is not safe and inclusive

By leveraging digital public infrastructure, Brazil is strengthening a set of crucial government policies such as the digital ID, the Unified Registry for social programs, and the innovative Rural Environmental Registry, therefore promoting citizenship, eradicating poverty, and enabling a sustainable future. We are committed to building such infrastructures safely and inclusively, benefiting from the active engagement of our vibrant civil society.

~ Esther Dweck, Minister of Management and Innovation in Public Services of Brazil

With the launch of the MyMzansi roadmap,South Africa is building integrated digitalpublic infrastructure that connects digitalidentity, data exchange, payments andservices into a single system for accessinggovernment services. We have committed tothe Universal DPI Safeguards and areembedding these into the design from theoutset, alongside open standards and digitalpublic goods principles. In parallel, we arebeginning to formalise more structuredengagement with civil society following initialconsultations.

~ Melvyn Lubega,Head of the Digital Services Unit, SouthAfrica Presidency

The DPI Safeguards Initiative ensures thatdigital public infrastructure is developed inways that protect openness, trust, and userrights. As DPI systems scale globally, successwill depend not only on sound publicgovernance, but also on the meaningfulparticipation of private sector actors thatoperate critical digital infrastructure.

~ Soheib Nunhuck,Senior Policy Manager, DPI, alongsideGSMA's External Affairs Team

As Uganda accelerates the rollout of digitalpublic infrastructure, our key concern hasbeen that digital systems are advancingfaster than safeguards, public understanding,and meaningful participation. Through ourengagement in the DPI Safeguards Initiative,we have recognised the critical importance ofstrengthening the capacity of civil societyactors and facilitating multi-stakeholderdialogue on digital rights and safeguards. Thishas enhanced more confident engagementwith duty bearers on implementation gapsand is contributing to the emergence of astronger, more coordinated civil societymovement advocating for inclusive,accountable, and rights-centred digitaltransformation.

~ Jackson Leviticus Wandera, ProgramOfficer, Economic Justice & SocialProtection, Initiative for Social andEconomic Rights (ISER)

Two years of implementation have shown us that safeguards are not a constraint on digital progress; theyare the foundation of it. Countries that embed safeguards from the start build systems that are trusted,adopted, and sustainable. That is the lesson, and it is the ambition driving everything we do next.

~ Robert Opp, Chief Digital Officer, UNDP

As countries around the world lay the foundational digital rails that will transform their economies andsocieties for years to come, they face crucial decisions that will shape the well-being of all people. The UNDPI Safeguards Initiative, alongside several partners, is working with countries to chart a course to a safe,inclusive digital future. Together, we'll help make the safe choice the easy choice for every countryembarking on a journey toward a digital future.

~ CV Madhukar, CEO, Co-Develop

Digital public infrastructure is rapidlyreshaping the way people access and usefinancial services. Through the Global DPIInsights Community, the Center for FinancialInclusion at Accion is exploring risks to userexperience and trust, as these systems rollout across the world. This work is taking placealongside technical partners GSMA, CCAF,the UN Safeguards Initiative and IntegralGovernance Solutions, and with support fromthe Mastercard Center for Inclusive Growth.The UN’s Universal DPI Safeguards Initiativeis playing a vital role by turning lessons intopractical guidance for those building DPI.Together, we are helping policymakers andleaders create DPI systems that are secure,affordable, and able to reach underservedpeople at scale.

~ Michael Schlein, President & CEO,Accion

The Universal DPI Safeguards Frameworkprovides us with a structured, rights-basedlanguage and methodology to strengthen ouradvocacy for a hybrid system — one thatincludes non-digital pathways as a right. Thisaligns with digital public infrastructureprinciples to promote trust, accountability, andhuman rights in digital transformation. As theSouth African government moves swiftly towardthe digitisation of other permanent grants andsocial services, the Universal DPI SafeguardsFramework is becoming increasingly significantto our work.

~ Evashnee Naidu, KZN Regional Manager;Hoodah Abrahams-Fayker, NationalAdvocacy Manager, Black Sash

Safeguards in Action

Implementing safeguards in practice
Implementing Offline Digital ID to Strengthen Inclusion
MALAWI
Malawi is a pioneer in inclusive digital infrastructure and undertook a massive national digital ID campaign, registering 97 percent of its population. However, one in ten people were still unable to access services, blocked by missing smart cards, patchy electricity, and overstretched district offices. In parallel, weak verification created risks of impersonation, including cases where individuals used someone else’s ID card to collect agricultural subsidies – the Farmers Input Subsidy Programme (FISP) – such as fertilizer and seeds. UNDP Malawi worked with the National Registration Bureau under the Ministry of Homeland Security for an offline digital ID approach as a practical safeguards measure to strengthen both inclusion and integrity in service delivery. This included Malawi rolling out offline digital ID in the form of biometric QR verification that can provide ID confirmation without connectivity, devices, or infrastructure. In 2025-26, approximately 1.1 million people were verified and accessed the FISP by using the digitally signed biometric QR code. Almost 2 million people used the digital QR code to register and vote in the 2025 election. A similar model could be adapted for other public interest use cases, including social cash transfers, public works programmes, healthcare delivery, and SIM registration.
Lesotho’sDPI drive
Building better for every child
LESOTHO
As Lesotho digitalises its social protection systems, the risks also increase: personal data from families in remote areas is now stored on national platforms. The government is responding by developing DPI safeguards, starting with systems that directly impact children. With support from UNICEF and the Co-Develop Fund, key protections are being integrated into the national social registry, NISSA, which covers over 90 percent of households. This will help prevent exclusion and protect personal data from misuse. For families in remote communities, this means accessing essential services in a way that they can trust.

The Road Ahead: 2026–2028

Unlocking commitment, capacity and capital

Phase 2 (2026-2028) of the Universal DPI Safeguards Initiative is a strategic response to the lessons of the last two years and aims to unlock new levels of commitment, capacity and capital.

The Initiative will shift its efforts from driving implementation to empowering practitioners in the broader ecosystem to lead with purpose, to ensure long-term sustainability. Phase II will support countries via structured ecosystem pathways, such as the DPI Safeguards Accelerator Programme. The review of the Global Digital Compact in 2027 will uphold global momentum around safeguards and will serve as a mid-way milestone for measuring progress on their uptake and adoption.

Scaling safeguards

Around the world, there is growing recognition of the importance of safeguards and the economic gains that can be achieved with safe, trustworthy DPI. As a result, demand is outpacing what the Initiative can support. Beyond the nine active engagements, more than 15 additional countries have formally requested safeguards support and that demand continues to grow.

Initial investments have moved the Initiative from pioneering work to global momentum, but more resources are needed to match the scale and ambition of the opportunity.

The stakes could not be higher. Human development progress is experiencing an unprecedented slowdown – but digital transformation could reignite development. Digital transformation can help developing countries leapfrog decades of slow development and catalyse economic growth. To achieve this, DPI must reach population scale. That can only happen when people trust the systems they use, and that trust is built through safeguards. 

Now is the time to act. With digital transformation accelerating globally, countries that build DPI without safeguards risk building systems that people don’t trust, and don’t use, ultimately collapsing the economic and societal models they were designed to support.

Meeting the next phase and delivering impact requires closing a critical funding gap.
The DPI safeguard initiative is grateful for the generous support of Phase 1 Co-Develop and the Gates Foundation for phase 1.

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